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Purusha Sooktham
The Hymn of Universal man - Rigveda -10.90. [Slokams 1 to 18
]
Sahasra Sheershaa Purushah: Sahasraakshas Sahasrapaath |
Sabhoomim Visvatho Vruthvaa Athyathishta Dhasaangulam || || -1-1
||
1. A thousand heads has the Universal man, Purusha; as also a
thousand eyes and a thousand feet He has. He spreads over the
earth on all sides and beyond it as far as ten fingers can count.
[Infinite numbers, without a beginning or end.]
Purusha Ye've'dhagum Sarvam Yath Bhootham Yascha
Bowyam |
Uthamru Thathvath Esaanah: Yadhannenaathi Rohathi || || -1-2
||
2. Purusha, the Man, is all that has been in the past,all that
is coming and all that exists now. He is the ruler of
immortality, as He comes out beyond everything and grows through
food.
Ethaa Vaanasya Mahimaa Athojyaa Yaaguscha Poorushah: |
Paadhosya Visvaa Bhoothaani Thripaadhasyaa Mruthandhivi || ||
-1-3 ||
3. What we see here is all the greatness of this Purusha, the
Man, and is yet more than this. All creatures of this universe is
only a quarter of Him and the other three quarters are what is
remaining immortal in Heaven.
Thripdoorthva Udhaith Purushah: Paathos -e'haabhavaath
Punah: |
Thatho Vishvang Vyakraamath Saasanaana Sane Abhi || || -1-4
||
4. This three fourths of Purusha arise beyond the universe.
One fourth of him only arose again and again here on earth.
Thence, as He spread in all directions, appeared all those
creations that eats food and that which eats not on this
earth.
Thasmaadh viraadajaayatha Viraajo Adhipoorushah: |
Sajaatho Athyarikshatha Pascaadhbhoomim -athopuraha: || || -1-5
||
5. From him the brilliant Viraaj was born, from Viraj came the
primal Purusha.
When he was born, he spread beyond the earth, on all the sides to
create all beings.
[Viraj is the Female principle, which with the primal Purusha
produces the concrete universe. In the Atharvaveda She is an
independent creative principle identified with Brahma, with
speech and with Prajapathi.]
Yath purushena Havishaa Dhevaayakyamath anvatha |
Vasanthoasya Aseethaajyam Greeshma Idhmas Saradhdhavihi || ||
-1-6 ||
6. When the Devas (Celestial Angels) spread on the sacrificial
offerings with Purusha as oblation, spring was its ghee [melted
butter] summer the fuel, autumn the oblation.
Sapthaasyaasan Pari dhayah: Thrissabtha Samidhah Krithaah:
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Dhevaayath Yagnyamthan Vaanaah: Abhathnan Purusham Pasum || ||
-1-7 ||
7. Seven Devas were the sticks that enclose the place of
Yajña (Sacrificial Fire rituals), thrice seven [21]
philosophical principles were made the fuel sticks; the Devas
performed the Yajña and they bound the Purusha as the cow
at the Yajña.
Tham Yagnyam Bharhishi Prowkshan Purusham Jaathamagrathah:
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Thena Devaa Ayajantha Saadhyaa Rushayaschaye || || -1-8 ||
8. As the sacrifice on the Yajña they besprinkled the
Purusha, born in the beginning. With him the Devas performed the
Yajña along with Saadhyas (other Devas) and the Sages.
Thasmaath Yagnyaath Sarvahuthah: Sambrutham Brushadhaajyam
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Pasoogusthaagus Chakre Vaayavyaan Aaranyan graamya -aschaye || ||
-1-9 ||
9. From that sacrifice completely offered, formed the cream
and ghee [melted butter]. He made it the beasts and birds of the
air, of the forest and those of the villages.
Thasmaath Yagnyath sarvahuthah: Ruchassaamaani Jaggire |
Chandaagumsi Jaggire Thasmaath Yajusthasmaath ajaayatha || ||
-1-10 ||
10. From that sacrifice completely offered were born the
verses (Rg Veda) and
the Saaman Melodies (Saamaveda). The Chhandhas metres were born
from it.
From it was born the Sacrificial formula (Yajurveda).
Thasmaadhasvaa Ajayantha Yekecho Bhayaadhathah: |
Ghavoha Jaggire Thasmaath Thasmaath jaathaa ajaavayah:|| || -1-11
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11. From this [Yajña] the horses were born and those
that have one row and
two rows of teeth. Cattle were born from it. From it were born
goats and sheep.
Yath Prusham Vyadhadhuhu Kathidhaavya kalpayan |
Mukamkimasya Kowbhahoo Kaa Vooroo Paadhaa uchyethe || || -1-12
||
12. When they created this Universal Purusha, into how many
forms did they make him? What was the form of his mouth? What was
his two arms? What are his thighs and feet called?
Brhaahmanosya Mukmaaseeth Bhaahoo Raajanyakruthah: |
Uruthathasya Yadhvaisyah: Pathbyaagum Soodhro Ajaayatha || ||
-1-13 ||
13. His mouth formed the Brahmin (teacher or Priest), his two
arms were made the Rajaanya (Kshathriya or warrior), his two
thighs the Vaisyaa (traders or Agriculturist) and from his feet
the Soodhra (worker or servant) was born.
Chandramaa Manso Jaathah: Chakchos Sooryo Ajaayatha |
Muka -adinthrascha -agnischa Praanaath Vaayurajaayatha || ||
-1-14 ||
14. His mind (manas) formed the moon, from his eye became the
sun, from his mouth came Indra and Agni, from his breath Vaayu
(wind) was born.
Naabhyaa Aaseetha -anthariksham Seershnodhyows Samavarthatha
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Pathbhyaam Bhoomir Dhisasrothraath - Thathaa Loghagum Akalpayan
|| || -1-15 ||
15. From his navel arose the open sky, from his head the
heaven originated, from his feet the earth was formed, the
directions came from his ears. Thus did they create all the
worlds.
Vedhaahametham Purusham Mahaantham - Aadhithyavarnam Thamasasthu
Paare |
Sarvaani Roopaani Vichithya dheerah: Naamaanikruthvaa -
Abhivadhan Yathaasthe ||
|| -1-16 ||
16. The Purusha, is the creator of all forms and is given all
the names. As we know his great qualities, He is all powerfull,
beyond darkness, bright like the Sun performing all actions.
Dhaathaa Purasthaath Yamuthaajahaara - Sakrapravidhvaan
Prathisaschathasrah: |
Thamevam Vidhvaanamrutha Iha Bhavathi - Naanyapanthaa
Ayanaayavidhyathe ||
|| -1-17 ||
17. He who understands this Purusha, whom Brahma called
Paramathma,
whom Indira saw in all four directions, attains Moksha
[liberation] in this birth.
Yaggnena Yaguamayajantha dhevaah: - Thaani Dharmaani
Prathamaanyasan |
Thehanakam Mahimaanassajanthe - Yathra Poorve Saadhyassanthi
Devaah: ||
|| -1-18 ||
18. The Devas who worshipped this Purusha, by this
Yajña and by all the Dharma,
attained high levels in Svarga. All persons performing this
Yajña shall reach similar status.
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Hindu Gods
